{"id":70,"date":"2025-05-09T16:04:31","date_gmt":"2025-05-09T08:04:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/101.201.44.100\/?p=70"},"modified":"2025-12-24T14:03:25","modified_gmt":"2025-12-24T06:03:25","slug":"linux%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/2025\/05\/09\/linux%e7%9a%84%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4f7f\u7528\uff08\u4ee5ubuntu\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ec8\u7aef shell\u548cbash<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>shell\uff08\u58f3\uff09<\/strong>:\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u63a5\u53e3 <strong>bash<\/strong>:\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684shell\u8f6f\u4ef6 <br><strong>\u7ec8\u7aef<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0eshell\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<br>ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u57fa\u7840\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">ls (list)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ls<\/code> :list\u7684\u7f29\u5199 \u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ls -a <\/code>:list -all \u5217\u51fa\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>ls -l<\/code>: list -list \u7528\u5217\u8868\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u53e0\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">claer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>claer<\/code>:\u6e05\u7406\u7ec8\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">pwd (<strong>print working directory<\/strong>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>pwd<\/code>:\u6253\u5370\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cd \uff08<strong>change directory<\/strong>\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cd <\/code>:change_directory \u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\uff09\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cd .. <\/code>:\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cd <\/code>:\u4e0d\u52a0\u53c2\u6570\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cd ..\/.. <\/code>:\u901a\u8fc7\u659c\u6760\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c \u4f8b\u5982\u6b21\u884c\u5f00\u5934\u793a\u4f8b\u8868\u793a\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u4e24\u6b21<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">cd &#8211; :\u8fd4\u56de\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>mkdir\uff08make direcoty\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>mkdir <\/code>:\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>mkdir -p dir1\/dir2 <\/code>: -p \u8868\u793a\u9012\u5f52 \u4f7f\u7528\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6ce8<\/strong>:\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>mkdir dir1\/dir2\u00b7<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u7ea7\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 \u6b64\u6307\u4ee4\u8868\u793a\u5728\u5df2\u6709\u7684dir\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">rm\uff08remove\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>rm <\/code>:remove \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6 <strong>\u6ce8<\/strong>:\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>rm -r dir<\/code>:\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570 <code>-r<\/code> rmdir :\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cp (copy)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>cp <\/code>:copy \u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">mv \uff08move\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>mv <\/code>:move \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3cwindows\u7684\u526a\u5207\u64cd\u4f5c<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>mkdir <\/strong>\uff08make direcory \uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>mkdir <\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>sudo \uff08super do\uff09<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>sudo <\/code>: \u7ed9\u7ec8\u7aef\u6388\u4e88\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n&amp;lt;br&gt;\n#\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e90\nsudo apt update \n#\u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u66f4\u65b0\nsudo apt upgrade\n\n#\u9c7c\u9999ros\u4e00\u952e\u5b89\u88c5(\u611f\u8c22\u5927\u4f6c)\nwget http:\/\/fishros.com\/install -O fishros &amp;amp;&amp;amp; bash fishros\n\n#\u4f7f\u7528 .deb \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\nudo apt install &amp;lt;path_to_deb_file&gt;\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">lunix\u811a\u672c\u7f16\u5199(\u65bd\u5de5\u4e2d)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6765\u6309\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6267\u884c\u591a\u6761\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u521b\u5efa\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">nano\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aubuntu\u9884\u88c5\u7684\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u7f16\u8f91\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>nano &lt;\u81ea\u5df1\u8d77\u7684\u811a\u672c\u540d>.sh<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u548cubuntu\u539f\u7248\u98ce\u683c\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u811a\u672c\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6392\u5934<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">#<code>!\/bin\/bash<\/code><br><br>\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u811a\u672c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u7528 bin\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684bash\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c<br>\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u80fd\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u60f3\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<br>\u4f8b\u5982<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n#!\/bin\/bash\necho &quot;Hello, World!&quot;\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6392\u5934\u4e0b\u4f9d\u6b21\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u811a\u672c\u62e5\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">read<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: cpp; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nread -p &quot;\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f&quot; \u53d8\u91cf\u540d\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>read <\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Bash \u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u90a3\u91cc\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002<br><code>-p<\/code> \uff1a\u8fd9\u662f read \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u6761\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">if<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: cpp; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\nif &#x5B; \u6761\u4ef6 ]; then\n    # \u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\nelif &#x5B; \u6761\u4ef6 ]; then\n    # \u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\nelse\n    # \u6240\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u4e0d\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\nfi\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5728bash\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709 <code>case<\/code> ,<code>while<\/code> ,for,until \u7b49\u8bed\u53e5\u4ed6\u4eec\u9664\u4e86\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0a\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\u5916\u548c\u4e3b\u6d41\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u8bed\u53e5\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e0d\u8fc7\u591a\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002<br><br>\u5728 if \u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53f7<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>-d<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<br><code>-f <\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<br><code>-e <\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u3002<br><code>-r<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u53ef\u8bfb\u3002<br><code>-w<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u53ef\u5199\u3002<br><code>-x <\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u3002<br><code>-s<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u5927\u5c0f\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6<br><code>-L <\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u540d \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6d4b\u8bd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">-z \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002<br>-n \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u975e\u7a7a\u3002<br>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e321 = \u5b57\u7b26\u4e322 \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\u3002<br>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e321 != \u5b57\u7b26\u4e322 \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u3002<br>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u975e\u7a7a\uff08\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e -n \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">gnome-terminal<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">GNOME\u662fubuntu\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u684c\u9762\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528terminal\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a0b\u5e8f<br>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165<br><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ngnome-terminal -- bash -c &quot;&amp;lt;\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4&gt;; bash&quot;\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8d4b\u4e88\u6743\u9650\u5e76\u6267\u884c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u5b8c\u811a\u672c\u540e\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8d4b\u4e88\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u6267\u884c <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n#\u8d4b\u4e88\u811a\u672c\u6743\u9650\nchmod +x your_script_name.sh\n\n#\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\nbash &amp;lt;\u81ea\u5df1\u8d77\u7684\u811a\u672c\u540d\u5b57&gt;.sh\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7ec8\u7aef shell\u548cbash shell\uff08\u58f3\uff09:\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u63a5\u53e3 bash:\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684shell\u8f6f\u4ef6  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lunix","category-learn"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124,"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70\/revisions\/124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/momozi.online\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}